New Math: Division & Multiplication Problems
July 25, 2017
By Jack Roberts
MHSAA Executive Director
This is the second part in a series on MHSAA tournament classification, past and present, that will be published over the next two weeks. This series originally ran in this spring's edition of MHSAA benchmarks.
High school tournament classifications went viral before there was social media and most of us knew what “viral” meant.
Much as a virus infects computers today or has created epidemics of disease around the world for centuries, high school tournament classification – once introduced – tends to spread uncontrollably. Once started, it tends to keep expanding and rarely contracts.
While we are still some distance from providing every team a trophy as a result of expanding high school tournament classification across the country, there is criticism nevertheless that we are headed in that direction – a philosophy which is supposed to exist only in local youth sports for our youngest children.
Michigan could be blamed for all this. Michigan is generally accepted as the first state to provide different classifications for season-ending tournaments for different sized schools. It started a century ago. Today, every state has various classifications for its tournaments in most if not all sports. And it is a bit ironic that Michigan – creator of the classification chaos – more than most other states has kept the number of tournament classes or divisions under control.
Yes, there is evidence that tournament classifications have expanded over the years in Michigan, especially with the relatively recent introduction of tournaments in football and the late 1990s’ move from classes to divisions in most MHSAA tournaments. But the MHSAA Representative Council has held true to its word when it expanded the playoffs for football from four classes to eight divisions: this is needed because of unique factors of football, factors that exist in no other sport; and all other sports should be capped at a maximum of four classes or divisions.
Kentucky is the preeminent defender of single-class basketball. All of its 276 high schools compete for the single state championship for each gender. In Indiana, there are still open wounds from its move in 1998 from one to four classes for its 400 schools in basketball.
Multi-class tournaments have tended to increase the number of non-public school champions, which some states are trying to lower through enrollment “multipliers,” and also tend to increase the number of repeat champions, which some states are trying to affect with “success factors” which lift smaller schools into classifications for larger schools if they take home too many trophies.
While there is considerable evidence that state tournaments do as much bad as good for educational athletics, state associations persist in providing postseason tournaments because, on balance, the experiences are supposed to be good for student-athletes. And once we reach that conclusion it is just a small leap to believe that if the tournaments are good for a few, they must be better for more – which leads to creating more and more tournament classifications. One becomes two classes, then three, then four and so forth.
While the argument is that more classifications or divisions provides more students with opportunities to compete and win, it is undeniable that the experience changes as the number of tournament classifications expands. It is not possible for state associations to provide the same level of support when tournament classifications expand to multiple venues playing simultaneously. For example, there is less audio and video broadcast potential at each venue, and less media coverage to each venue. Focus is diluted and fans diminished at each championship.
No one can argue reasonably that today's two-day MHSAA Football Finals of eight championship games has the same pizazz as the one-day, four-games event conducted prior to 1990.
In some states the number of divisions has grown so much that it is difficult to see much difference between the many season-ending state championship games and a regular-season event in the same sport.
It is a balancing act. And Michigan has been studying that balance longer than any other state, and charting a steadier course than most.
Addition by Division
The shift to Divisions for MHSAA Tournament play in numerous sports has added up to a greater number of champions for teams and individuals across the state. Following are the sports currently employing a divisional format, and the procedures for determining enrollment and classification.
In 23 statewide or Lower Peninsula tournaments, schools which sponsor the sport are currently divided into nearly equal divisions. They are:
- Baseball - 4 Divisions
- Boys Bowling - 4 Divisions
- Girls Bowling - 4 Divisions
- Girls Competitive Cheer - 4 Divisions
- LP Boys Cross Country - 4 Divisions
- LP Girls Cross Country - 4 Divisions
- LP Boys Golf - 4 Divisions
- LP Girls Golf - 4 Divisions
- Ice Hockey - 3 Divisions
- Boys Lacrosse - 2 Divisions
- Girls Lacrosse - 2 Divisions
- Boys Skiing - 2 Divisions
- Girls Skiing - 2 Divisions
- LP Boys Soccer - 4 Divisions LP
- Girls Soccer - 4 Divisions
- Girls Softball - 4 Divisions
- LP Boys Swimming & Diving - 3 Divisions
- LP Girls Swimming & Diving - 3 Divisions
- LP Boys Tennis - 4 Divisions
- LP Girls Tennis - 4 Divisions
- LP Boys Track & Field - 4 Divisions
- LP Girls Track & Field - 4 Divisions
- Wrestling - 4 Divisions
Lists of schools for each division of these 23 tournaments are posted on MHSAA.com approximately April 1. Listings of schools in Upper Peninsula tournaments for their sports are also posted on MHSAA.com. The lists are based on school memberships and sports sponsorships in effect or anticipated for the following school year, as known to the MHSAA office as of a date in early March.
In football, the 256 schools which qualify for MHSAA 11-player playoffs are placed in eight equal divisions annually on Selection Sunday. Beginning in 2017, the 8-player divisions will be determined in a like manner on Selection Sunday as well, with 32 qualifying schools placed in two divisions.
Schools have the option to play in any higher division in one or more sports for a minimum of two years.
The deadlines for "opt-ups" are as follows:
- Applications for fall sports must be submitted by April 15
- Applications for winter sports must be submitted by Aug. 15
- Applications for spring sports must be submitted by Oct. 15
Subsequent to the date of these postings for these tournaments, no school will have its division raised or lowered by schools opening or closing, schools adding or dropping sports, schools exercising the option to play in a higher division, or approval or dissolution of cooperative programs.
When the same sport is conducted for boys and girls in the same season (e.g., track & field and cross country), the gender that has the most sponsoring schools controls the division breaks for both genders.
Preview: Team Title Races Could Highlight UP Boys Track & Field Finals
By
Geoff Kimmerly
MHSAA.com senior editor
May 31, 2024
We’re guaranteed at least one new team champion at Saturday’s Upper Peninsula Boys Track & Field Finals, and that may be just the start of changes at the top of the podium to conclude this season.
All three team title races appear to have multiple strong contenders, and Division 2 especially will require frequent score updates as reigning champion Pickford is likely to receive a strong challenge from Munising, which won Division 3 a year ago but is competing in Division 2 this weekend.
We’re guaranteed at least one new team champion at Saturday’s Upper Peninsula Boys Track & Field Finals, and that may be just the start of changes at the top of the podium to conclude this season.
All three team title races appear to have multiple strong contenders, and Division 2 especially will require frequent score updates as reigning champion Pickford is likely to receive a strong challenge from Munising, which won Division 3 a year ago but is competing in Division 2 this weekend.
All three divisions will again be contested at Kingsford High School, with preliminaries leading off the day at 9 a.m. local (Central) time. Tickets cost $11 and are available digitally only via GoFan.
MHSAA.tv will live-stream the meets beginning at 9 a.m. (CDT)/10 a.m. (EDT), viewable with subscription. Check out the Boys Track & Field page for meet information and lists of all qualifiers. Those described as "seeded" below have received those seeds based on Regional performances.
Following is a glance at team contenders and individuals to watch in all three divisions:
Division 1
Team forecast: Marquette has won the last three championships and Kingsford has finished runner-up the last two seasons, last year separated by 20 points and Marquette prevailing by just one point in 2022. Sault Ste. Marie might be the strongest challenger for the Sentinels this time, able to mix contenders in sprints and challengers in the distance events where Marquette often stacks points.
Darrent Butler, Menominee sophomore: He gave Menominee its third-straight Division 1 high jump champion last season and could run the streak to four as the top seed with a jump (6-2) three inches higher than his winner last year.
Wyatt Demers, Manistique senior: He won the 100 in Division 2 last season and was on a relay champ as a sophomore, and will run the 100, 200 and on the top-seeded 1,600 relay (3:40.97) this weekend.
Michael Floriano, Kingsford senior: He won the 200 as a sophomore and the 100 last spring while also finishing second in the 200 and running on the championship 800 relay and runner-up 400 relay. He’s seeded second in the 200 (23.90), third in the 100 (11.59) and will run again on two relays.
Noah Johnson, Kingsford senior: The reigning discus champion and shot put runner-up is seeded first in both throws at 165-9 and 49-5½, respectively, and also will compete in long jump.
Gabe Litzner, Sault St. Marie sophomore: Already a two-time UPD1 cross country champion, Litzner was second in the 3,200 and third in the 1,600 at his first Track Finals and is seeded first in both this weekend at 9:45.65 and 4:33, respectively.
Rayce Rizzo, Sault Ste. Marie senior: The reigning pole vault champion enters Saturday as the top seed (13-6) and also will compete in long jump.
Ryver Ryckeghem, Sault Ste. Marie senior: He’s surged as a senior and enters the weekend as the top seed in the 100 (11.47) and 200 (23.77) and running on the 800 relay.
Garrett Veale, Kingsford senior: He won the shot put as a junior and is the second seed to teammate Johnson in that throw (45-11) and also among contenders in discus.
Division 2
Team forecast: Pickford won Division 3 in 2022 and then moved into Division 2 last year and claimed a second-straight team title by a commanding margin. Last year’s runner-up Manistique is in Division 1 this season, but 2023 Division 3 champ Munising is in Division 2 this time and could be the strongest challenger to a Pickford lineup that still has contenders across several events.
Matthew Colavecchi, Iron Mountain senior: After winning the 100 and 200 dashes and running on two championship relays in Division 2 as a sophomore, he finished third in the 100 in Division 1 last spring. He returns to Division 2 as the top seed in the 100 (11.51), 200 (23.87) and long jump (18-9½) and running on the top-seeded 400 relay (45.87).
Dan Goss, Munising junior: He could make a big jump after finishing third in the 3,200 and sixth in the 1,600 in Division 3 last year, entering this weekend seeded first in Division 2 in the 800 (2:08.24), 1,600 (4:43.65) and 3,200 (10:58.55).
Hayden Hagen, Pickford senior: Last season’s champ in the 800, 1,600 and 3,200, and part of the runner-up in the 3,200 relay, Hagen is seeded third in the 400, second to Goss in the 800 (2:09.67) and 1,600 (4:47.88), and fifth in the 3,200.
Joe Kelley, Munising senior: He ran both hurdles races and on a fourth-place relay in Division 3 last season, but this time he’s the Division 2 top seed in the 110 (16.25) and 300 hurdles (41.92) and will run on the top-seeded 1,600 relay (3:46.98) and second-seeded 400 relay (46.90).
Brayden Martin, Ishpeming senior: The reigning discus champion and fourth-place finisher in the shot put, Martin is the second seed in the shot put (40-8) and third in the discus (111-8).
Division 3
Team forecast: The last two Division 3 team champions are competing in Division 2 this season, but 2023 runner-up Newberry was only 22.5 points off Munising’s pace last year and might be the favorite this time. St. Ignace also is back in Division 3 after finishing fourth in Division 2 last season and has a couple of potential high scorers in the mix.
Chris Hopson, Newberry senior: He won the 300 hurdles as a junior and will run that race and as part of the 1,600 relay.
Jonny Ingalls, St. Ignace senior: The Saints’ basketball star is the top seed this weekend in the 110 hurdles (16.85) and 300 hurdles (43.74) and running on the top-seeded 1,600 relay (3:48.07) and second-seeded 400 relay (46.30).
Matthew Jokela, Lake Linden-Hubbell senior: He’s expected to contribute significantly coming off fourth places last season in the 200 and 400 and this time seeded first in both at 23.85 and 52.17 seconds, respectively, plus third in the 100 and running on the second-seeded 800 relay.
Kalvin Kytta, Chassell junior: Last year’s 3,200 champ and 1,600 third-place finisher is seeded first in the 800 (2:08.80), 1,600 (4:45.47) and 3,200 (11:00.34).
Owen Lester, St. Ignace senior: He won the pole vault in Division 2 last season and is tied for the top seed in that event (11-6) and will run on three top-three relays including the favored 1,600 with Ingalls.
Matthew Rahilly, Newberry junior: He won long jump, was runner-up in high jump and ran on the winning 800 and runner-up 400 relays as a sophomore. He enters this time top-seeded in the long jump (19-4), tied for the top seed in the high jump (5-10) and running on the top-seeded 800 relay (1:37.81) and third-seeded 400 relay.
PHOTO Kingsford's Michael Floriano, center, edges Marquette's Jacob MacPhee in the 100 dash May 10 in Negaunee. (Photo by Cara Kamps.)