2018-19 Concussion Data Reinforces Trends

September 26, 2019

By Geoff Kimmerly
Second Half editor

Data on student-athlete concussions collected by the Michigan High School Athletic Association from member high schools during the 2018-19 school year further reinforced findings from the first three years of reporting, and will contribute significantly as a number of MHSAA-associated groups work during the coming year to reduce the incidence of those injuries.

The 2018-19 concussion report found student-athletes at MHSAA member high schools encountered a total of 3,686 head injuries during the past school year – 3.0 percent more than in 2017-18. But that slight increase barely affected two key ratios. The number of injuries per member school was 4.9, up just a tenth of a percent from 2017-18, and for the second straight year only 1.3 percent of participants in MHSAA sports experienced a head injury, still down from 1.4 in 2016-17 and 1.6 percent the first year of the study. Total participation in MHSAA sports for 2018-19 was 281,992 – with students counted once for each sport they played.

The MHSAA has continued to invite Michigan’s universities, health care systems and the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) to take part in analyzing the data and resulting questions that have arisen during the past three years. The 2018-19 results will be examined by the MHSAA’s newly-formed Sports Medicine Advisory Committee and also undergo analysis by representatives of Michigan State University’s Institute for the Study of Youth Sports. Furthermore, the MHSAA is directing its sport committees to study the data as they consider adjustments that could be made to rules for practice and competition. 

“The 2018-19 concussion survey further reinforced the findings and trends we have seen emerge; not only in specific sports, but across all of our activities – and this latest set of results also raises new questions,” MHSAA Executive Director Mark Uyl said. “We must continue to look at how changes to playing rules and improvements in equipment may be beneficial moving forward, and also how we can further educate administrators, coaches, athletes and parents to identify and provide treatment for these injuries as soon as possible. We also are excited for the opportunity to have more eyes on these results as we continue to explore more ways to make our games safer.”  

As first mandated in 2015-16, member schools are required to report head injuries to the MHSAA identifying the sport that each student-athlete was participating in and whether the injury was sustained during practice or competition. Schools also are required to designate at which level – varsity, junior varsity or freshman – the injury occurred.

The full report of all head injuries experienced during 2018-19 by student-athletes at MHSAA member high schools – including percentages by sport (per 1,000 participants), gender and team level, as well as data tracking when athletes returned to play – is available on the Health & Safety page of the MHSAA Website.

Keeping with the first three years of this survey, the MHSAA continued to receive data from more than 99 percent of its member high schools after the fall, winter and spring seasons. Member junior high and middle schools also were allowed, although not mandated, to report their head injuries; and those findings are not part of the published report.

Boys in 2018-19 experienced 2,404 – or 65 percent – of concussion injuries, just a percent less than during 2017-18, and not surprisingly as boys have a much higher participation in contact sports. More than half of head injuries – 59 percent – were experienced by varsity athletes, a slight increase of three percent from the previous year. A total of 2,441 head injuries – or 66 percent – came in competition as opposed to practice. Just more than half took place during either the middle of practice or middle of competition as opposed to the start or end, and 51 percent of injuries were a result of person-to-person contact. 

The MHSAA also asked schools to report the number of days between the head injury and the athlete’s return to activity – and the two largest groups returned to activity after either 6 to 10 days of rest (24 percent) or 11 to 15 days (23 percent). All of these findings were within 1-3 percent of those discovered from the 2017-18 data. 

Contact sports again revealed the most head injuries. Ranking first was football, 11 and 8-player combined, with 44 head injuries per 1,000 participants – an increase of three per 1,000 from 2017-18 but the same ratio as 2016-17 and still down from 49 head injuries per 1,000 football participants shown by the first study in 2015-16. Ice hockey again revealed the second-most injuries per 1,000, with 35 (also up three from a year ago but still down from 36 injuries per 1,000 from 2016-17 and 38 per 1,000 in 2015-16), and girls soccer was third with 25 head injuries per 1,000 participants for the second year in a row. Wrestling followed with 22 head injuries per 1,000 participants. 

Continuing a noticeable trend of the last few years, the next three sports to show the highest incidences of head injuries were girls sports – girls lacrosse, competitive cheer and basketball also revealed 20 per 1,000 participants, although basketball was down two injuries per 1,000 participants or nearly 10 percent from the previous year. Boys lacrosse (16), boys soccer (14), girls volleyball (11), softball (11) and gymnastics (10) also showed double-digit head injuries per 1,000 participants. 

Females again reported significantly more concussions than males playing the same or similar sports – soccer, basketball and baseball/softball. Female soccer players reported nearly double the concussions per 1,000 participants as male soccer players (25 to 14), while female basketball players reported nearly triple the number of concussions per 1,000 participants (20 to 7). Softball players also reported nearly triple the concussions per 1,000 participants of baseball players (11 to 4). 

Schools report possible concussions online via the MHSAA Website. Reports are then examined by members of the MHSAA staff, who follow up with school administrators as those student-athletes continue to receive care and eventually return to play. Student privacy is protected. 

The reporting of concussions is part of a three-pronged advance by the MHSAA in concussion care begun during the 2015-16 school year. The MHSAA completed in spring 2017 the largest-ever state high school association sideline concussion testing pilot program, with a sample of schools from across the state over two years using one of two screening tests designed to detect concussions. The MHSAA also was the first state association to provide all participants at every member high school and junior high/middle school with insurance intended to pay accident medical expense benefits – covering deductibles and co-pays left unpaid by other policies – resulting from head injuries sustained during school practices or competitions and at no cost to either schools or families. 

Previously, the MHSAA also was among the first state associations to adopt a return-to-play protocol that keeps an athlete out of activity until at least the next day after a suspected concussion, and allows that athlete to return to play only after he or she has been cleared unconditionally for activity by a doctor (M.D. or D.O.), physician’s assistant or nurse practitioner.

In addition, the MHSAA’s Coaches Advancement Program – which includes courses that must be completed by all varsity head coaches hired for the first time at a member school – provides substantial instruction on concussion care. Separately, rules meetings that are required viewing for high school varsity and subvarsity head and assistant coaches at the start of each season include detailed training on caring for athletes with possible head injuries.

Scholars and Athletes 2013: Class B

By Geoff Kimmerly
MHSAA.com senior editor

February 7, 2013

The Michigan High School Athletic Association has selected eight student-athletes from Class B member schools to receive scholarships through its Scholar-Athlete Award program.

Farm Bureau Insurance, in its 24th year of sponsoring the award, will give a $1,000 college scholarship to 32 individuals who represent their member school in at least one sport in which the Association sponsors a postseason tournament. The first 30 scholarships are awarded proportionately by school classification and the number of student-athletes involved in those classes; also, there are two at-large honorees which can come from any classification. 

Each scholarship recipient will be honored during a halftime ceremony at the Class C Boys Basketball Final game March 23 at the Breslin Student Events Center in East Lansing. Commemorative medallions will be given to other finalists in recognition of their accomplishments.

The Class B Scholar-Athlete Award honorees are:  Ashley M. Carney, Jackson Northwest; Amanda Ciancio, Comstock Park; Mary Emington, Cadillac; Nicole L. Green, Portland; Alec Robert Fisher, Battle Creek Harper Creek; Patrick Gifford, Haslett; Scott Parkinson, Grayling; and Keeton Thayer Ross, Grosse Ile.

Overviews of the scholarship recipients of the Class B Scholar-Athlete Award follow. A quote from each recipient's essay also is included:

Ashley M. Carney, Jackson Northwest.   Will finish high school career earning four letters each in golf, volleyball and tennis.  Helped golf team to four MHSAA Finals, and medaled at her conference meet as a senior.  All-area, all-conference and a team captain in golf and volleyball.  Was team most valuable in volleyball last fall.  Academic all-state in all three sports.  Helped coordinate a basketball shooting fundraiser for American Cancer Society; and volunteered with Habitat For Humanity, the Jackson Interfaith Shelter and the Salvation Army.  Also active in National Honor Society, student government and as an elementary school tutor.  Plans to attend Siena Heights University and study sports management.

Essay Quote:  “I have experienced many life lessons through sports that will carry me farther in life than any win or loss.  The qualities and character that spectators, opponents and coaches remember me by are everlasting.  We may not all be ‘winners’ reflected by the final score, but we can all be ‘winners’ measured by our attitude, respect for opponents, and respect for the game.”  

Amanda Ciancio, Comstock Park.  A standout in cross country, serving as team captain and earning all-conference and team most valuable as a junior and senior.  Also lettered in basketball and softball, winning all-district in the latter sport.  Participated in student leadership activities and served as class president each year of high school.  Involved all four years as a camp counselor; a youth basketball volunteer game official, coach and scorekeeper; and as a volunteer for various elementary school activities.  Member of National Honor Society, attendant at church nursery and helped plan school dances.  College plans includes studies in math and accounting.

Essay Quote:  “Players and coaches can both teach and preach sportsmanship, but before every game or competition, it is up to the athlete to determine whether they will participate for the glory or for the experience.”

Mary Emington, Cadillac.  Participated in basketball and softball, earning all-area and all-conference in both sports.  Honored twice in each activity with local scholar-athlete award.  Captained softball squad the past two seasons, and was team most valuable as a sophomore.  Led hoop squad in assists as a sophomore and junior.  Served on class and student council; was president of class council as a sophomore and treasurer as a senior.  Involved with Art activities, and took part in annual “Be The Change Team” at school, which inspires positive action and connection with others.  Four-year member of church youth group.  Will attend Calvin College and major in architecture or communications.

Essay Quote:  “During physical exertion, blood and emotions run rapidly. Only through the very delicate balance of love for the game and sportsmanship do the matches continue.” 

Nicole L. Green, Portland.  Will win her fourth letter in soccer this spring to go with three letters in basketball and two in volleyball.  A team captain in all three sports, including three years in soccer.   Team most valuable in soccer and volleyball, and earned first team all-conference and academic all-state honors in both sports.  Academic all-conference in all three activities.  Helped organize fundraisers in all three sports for American Cancer Society.  Selected school Citizen of the Year by Daughters of the American Revolution.  Participant in Academic Letters, Captain’s Club and National Honor Society.  Volunteer for local youth basketball and volleyball programs.  College plans include studies in Zoology.

Essay Quote:  “Sportsmanship is important because student-athletes serve as influential role models for younger students.  As such, we must model respectful interaction, hard work, dedication, and a positive attitude.  Aspiring athletes need to see the positive impact these behaviors will have on the personal and team success.”

Alec Robert Fisher, Battle Creek Harper Creek.  Record-setting scorer for soccer and football teams.  Own school records for goal in soccer, as well as field goals and extra points on the gridiron.  Four-year letterwinner in soccer, where he was a team captain, all-state and academic all-state performer.  Also lettered in basketball and track, serving as team captain on the hoop squad.  Served on Student Senate as treasurer for four years.  Member of National Honor Society.  Helps with youth sports activities with school soccer and basketball camps, Special Olympics, and with the First Tee of Battle Creek.  Will study business or law at the University of Buffalo.

Essay Quote:  “We have been told the same thing since we were young kids playing in recreation leagues or with our friends, to now in competitive sports as highschoolers; always have sportsmanship.  It is one thing, win or lose, that can separate the young gentlemen and the jerks that care about nothing but winning.”

Patrick Gifford, Haslett.  Captained basketball and tennis teams, and has won academic all-conference honors in both sports.  Part of league and regional doubles winning tandem.  Class representative to Student Council all four years, and has participated in Key Club and National Honor Society.  Sports editor of school newspaper and announcer for its television station.  Honored by the Michigan Interscholastic Press Association and Michigan Association of Broadcasters for television sports play-by-play.  Serves as an in-class aide for autistic students in Peer–to-Peer program.  Involved in youth sports as a basketball coach and soccer official.  Received 69th District Citizenship Award.   Broadcast journalism studies await at either Ohio University, Syracuse University or the University of Missouri.

Essay Quote:  “As I prepare to graduate from high school and see my athletic career come to a close, I know I will take much more than the tennis and basketball skills I learned in high school with me.  The sportsmanship I have been coached to develop will help me move to this next state of my life and approach it with integrity, hard work, and leadership.”

Scott Parkinson, Grayling.  Will earn 10 varsity letters in athletic career in three sports – basketball, football and track – and serving as team captain in each activity.  Earned all-conference honors in football and track; won most improved award in basketball and track.  Conference champion in 110-meter hurdles in track.  Selected to an officer’s position on Student Senate all four years.  Seven-time winner of Mr. Spirit award as selected by teachers and chosen Most Athletic and Most Spirited by members of graduating class.  Four-year participant in Relay For Life and Youth Booster Club, and active with church youth group and local youth sports programs.  Will attend Michigan State University and study actuarial sciences.

Essay Quote:  “Having sportsmanship in educational athletics can teach life lessons and can also develop a person into a better and more-rounded athlete.  In turn, these lessons can be applied to future events in life.”

Keeton Thayer Ross, Grosse Ile.   Played baseball, basketball and football, and received all-conference honors on the diamond and the gridiron.  Also captained baseball and football teams.  Also academic all-state in baseball.  Earned the rank of Eagle Scout, served as vice president and president of school’s National Honor Society chapter, and as president of German Club.  Involved as student leader in school anti-bullying campaign and to help orient freshman class members.  Presented National Physical Education Award as a sophomore and has received an Ad Altari Dei Religious Medal.  Has served as a summer youth basketball camp counselor.  Planning on majoring in nuclear engineering and radiological sciences at either Georgia Tech or the University of California-Berkeley.

Essay Quote:  “My personal saying before each game is ‘It’s just a game.  Win or lose, life goes on.’ I believe that this saying has helped me to have great sportsmanship throughout my high school career by remembering the big picture behind the games.  Every team works their butts off to try and win games, and because of this, every team deserves respect from the opponent as well as its own team.”

Other Class B girls finalists for the Scholar-Athlete Award were: Brittany Beeler, Spring Lake; Kelsi Caywood, Sturgis; Morgan Kathleen Cinader, Goodrich; Hannah C. Engle, Adrian; Haley June Obetts, Wayland Union; Molly Oren, Hamilton; Catherine Polgar, Grosse Ile; Emily Quinn, Portland; Florence Ann Sobell, Croswell-Lexington; Anjali Sood, Ann Arbor Gabriel Richard; Megan Taylor, Houghton Lake;  and Shelby Walsh, Livonia Ladywood;

Other Class B boys finalists for the Scholar-Athlete Award were:  Michael Azzopardi, Detroit Country Day; Michael Broderick, Pontiac Notre Dame Prep; Brice Brown, Ionia; Michael Chickeral, Flat Rock; Thomas D. Finch, Otsego; Mark Gibson, Freeland; Andrew Hammond, Grand Rapids Forest Hills Eastern; Michael Heinrich, Ludington; Luke James Hurst, Ovid-Elsie; Matthew Liu, Bloomfield Hills Cranbrook-Kingswood; Adam Olszewski, Ann Arbor Gabriel Richard; and Ryan Schall, Comstock Park.

Previously announced were the Class C and D scholarship award recipients.  The Class C Scholar-Athlete Award honorees are: Kylei Ratkowski, Bronson; Grace Smith, Kalamazoo Hackett; Nicole Winter, Watervliet; Jesse Anderson, Union City; Ashwin Fujii, Ann Arbor Greenhills; and Connor Lockman, Royal Oak Shrine.  The Class D Scholar-Athlete Award scholarship recipients are:  Elyse Kathleen Lisznyai, Hillsdale Academy; Elena Victoria Luce, Mason County Eastern; Charles Barchett, Watervliet Grace Christian; Chip A. Blood, Hillsdale Academy; and Francisco Jay Noyola, Lansing Christian

The Class A honorees will be announced Feb. 19.

Farm Bureau Insurance, one of Michigan's major insurers, has a statewide force of more than 400 agents serving more than 380,000 Michigan policyholders. Besides providing life, home, auto, farm, business and retirement insurance, the company also sponsors life-saving, real-time Doppler weather tracking systems in several Michigan communities.